12/30/2023 0 Comments Stone yin yang tao symbol![]() It required benevolence ( 仁) and tolerance ( 恕), of putting oneself in the shoes of others. But doing so also required a heightened sensitivity from the rulers and the ruled. If people followed these rules, social relationships would become harmonious. Confucius stressed a set of rules (rituals of courtesy 禮) that all should respect. Calligraphy, however, is not considered a Confucian art, but rather an art that draws its inspiration from the “individualistic” and “mystic” traditions of Taoism. Their art is often focused on the key terms appearing in the Confucian classics (see slideshow above). Even today, numerous artists in both nations pursue calligraphy as their main profession. Confucianist concepts still serve as an important focus of calligraphic practice in China and Japan.Over many centuries, it developed into an overarching set of moral laws, and for centuries served as the basis of China’s all-important civil examinations, which stressed the value of Confucian learning and the importance of scholarly officials (learned statesmen) who would lead by virtuous example. Rather, Confucianism developed as a set of ethical and political tools, a basket of norms that emphasized filial piety, respect for elders, social obligations, and rules of courtesy that promised humanistic, rational, and benevolent governance, harmonious family relationships, and clear-cut standards for governing the interaction among rulers, lords, vassals, and common folk, between old and young, father and son, husband and wife, etc. Still serve as primary themes in calligraphy in China and Japan.Ĭonfucianism is not generally considered a religion or practiced like a religion, nor did it inspire great schools of art, as did Taoism and Buddhism. This web site presents Lao Tzu as a real person, and considers it very likely that he alone is the author of the Tao Te Ching.ĭifferent Scripts for Writing TAO 道 (Taoism, Daoism)Ĭhinese = Dào, Dao, Tao Japanese = Dō, Dou, Do This debunking of Lao Tzu is not set in stone, and a firm judgment is impossible to make. They suggest that Taoism’s oldest teachings, those recorded in the Tao Te Ching 道德經 (Jp = Dōtoku kyō, Ch = Dàodé jīng), were written in the 4th century BC by several hands. Hence, his name, which literally means “Old Boy.” Most scholars believe he lived at the time of Confucius, and even met Confucius, but some modern researchers contest this, claiming that Lao-tzu is a fictitious character. Lao-tzu is known as the founder and "old boy" of Chinese Taoism, for legend says his mother carried him for 80 years before giving birth, and that he was born with white hair because of this. Shakyamuni’s contemporaries in China were Confucius 孔子 (Jp. ![]() His teachings entered China around the +1st and +2nd centuries, where they later flourished. Buddhism originated around −500 in India with Shakyamuni (Jp. Curiously all three developed at approximately the same time. = Dōkyō 道教) is one of three great philosophies of China. The impact of Taoism on the philosophic mindset and artistic heritage of China and Japan is impossible to exaggerate. The teachings of the Chinese sage Lao Tzu (−5th or −4th centuries).
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